A computer network is a telecommunication channel through which we can share our data. It is also called data network. The best example of a computer network is Internet. Computer network does not mean a system with the control unit and other systems as its slave. It is called a distributed system A network …
Line Configuration The network is a connection made through connection links between two or more devices. Devices can be a computer, printer or any other device that is capable of sending and receiving data. There are two ways to connect the devices: Point-to-Point connection Multipoint connection Point-To-Point Connection It is a protocol which is used as …
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What are the types of network topology? Types of network topology Network Topology is the schematic description of a network arrangement, connecting various nodes(sender and receiver) through lines of connection. BUS Topology Bus topology is a network type in which every computer and network device is connected to single cable. When it has exactly two …
What is Transmission Modes in Computer Networks? Transmission mode means transferring data between two devices. It is also called communication mode. These modes direct the direction of flow of information. There are three types of the transmission mode. They are : Simplex Mode Half duplex Mode Full duplex Mode SIMPLEX Mode In this type of …
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What is Bounded/Guided Transmission Media? Bounded/Guided Transmission Media It is the transmission media in which signals are confined to a specific path using wire or cable. The types of Bounded/ Guided are discussed below. Twisted Pair Cable This cable is the most commonly used and is cheaper than others. It is lightweight, cheap, can be …
Unguided or wireless media sends the data through air (or water), which is available to anyone who has a device capable of receiving them. Types of unguided/ unbounded media are discussed below : Radio Transmission MicroWave Transmission Radio Transmission Its frequency is between 10 kHz to 1GHz. It is simple to install and has high …
Types of Computer Networks Local Area Network (LAN) It is also called LAN and designed for small physical areas such as an office, group of buildings or a factory. LANs are used widely as it is easy to design and to troubleshoot. Personal computers and workstations are connected to each other through LANs. We can …
These are the two services given by the layers to layers above them. These services are : Connection Oriented Service Connectionless Services Connection Oriented Services There is a sequence of operation to be followed by the users of connection oriented service. These are : Connection is established Information is sent Connection is released In connection …
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The most important reference models are : OSI reference model. TCP/IP reference model. Introduction to ISO-OSI Model: There are many users who use computer network and are located all over the world. To ensure national and worldwide data communication ISO (ISO stands for International Organization of Standardization.) developed this model. This is called a model …
Communication Networks There are n numbers of users who use computer network and are located over the world. So to ensure, national and worldwide data communication, systems must be developed which are compatible to communicate with each other. ISO has developed this. ISO stands for the International organization of Standardization. This is called a model …
Physical layer is the lowest layer of all. It is responsible for sending bits from one computer to another. This layer is not concerned with the meaning of the bits and deals with the physical connection to the network and with transmission and reception of signals. This layer defines electrical and physical details represented as …
Data link layer is most reliable node to node delivery of data. It forms frames from the packets that are received from network layer and gives it to physical layer. It also synchronizes the information which is to be transmitted over the data. Error controlling is easily done. The encoded data are then passed to …
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The main aim of this Network layer is to deliver packets from source to destination across multiple links (networks). If two computers (system) are connected on the same link then there is no need for a network layer. It routes the signal through different channels to the other end and acts as a network controller. …
The main aim of transport layer is to be delivered the entire message from source to destination. Transport layer ensures whole message arrives intact and in order, ensuring both error control and flow control at the source to destination level. It decides if data transmission should be on parallel path or single path Transport layer …
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Its main aim is to establish, maintain and synchronize the interaction between communicating systems. Session layer manages and synchronize the conversation between two different applications. Transfer of data from one destination to another session layer streams of data are marked and are resynchronized properly, so that the ends of the messages are not cut prematurely …
Presentation Layer OSI Model In Computer Networks The primary goal of this layer is to take care of the syntax and semantics of the information exchanged between two communicating systems. Presentation layer takes care that the data is sent in such a way that the receiver will understand the information (data) and will be able …
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Application Layer OSI Model It is the top most layer of OSI Model. Manipulation of data (information) in various ways is done in this layer which enables user or software to get access to the network. Some services provided by this layer includes: E-Mail, transferring of files, distributing the results to user, directory services, network …
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TCP IP Reference Model TCP/IP means Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol. It is the network model used in the current Internet architecture as well. Protocols are set of rules which govern every possible communication over a network. These protocols describe the movement of data between the source and destination or the internet. These protocols …
There are some following major differences between OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP Reference Model, with diagrammatic comparison below. OSI(Open System Interconnection) TCP/IP(Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol) 1. OSI is a generic, protocol independent standard, acting as a communication gateway between the network and end user. 1. TCP/IP model is based on standard protocols around …
KEY TERMS in Computer Networks Following are some important terms, which are frequently used in context of Computer Networks. Terms Definition 1. ISO The OSI model is a product of the Open Systems Interconnection project at the International Organization for Standardization. ISO is a voluntary organization. 2. OSI Model Open System Interconnection is a model …