Networking Tutorial Or Networking
The network is a connection between at least two computers usually by cable, running software which allows them to communicate with one another.
Users over a network can share computer resources such as hard drives, printers, modems, CD-ROM drives, and processors.
Although most networks are more complicated than this two-computer scenario, all networks are based on the concept of sharing.
There’s actually a great work of technology involved when one computer connects to and communicates with another.
In addition, there are many types of physical connections and related software to consider.
In the following sections, we discuss some fundamental concepts behind all networks and explain what kinds of network models are appropriate for various business environments.
LAN:
About Networking The term “networking” applies to either, (1) The exchange of information among individuals, groups, or institutions, or (2) The process of electronic voice or data communications This chapter introduces the basic idea of the computer networks. In this we tell the process of connecting computers and show how data moving from one computer …
The network is a connection between at least two computers usually by cable, running software which allows them to communicate with one another. Users over a network can share computer resources such as hard drives, printers, modems, CD-ROM drives, and processors. Although most networks are more complicated than this two-computer scenario, all networks are based …
Components of Network All networks need a base station. And the type of network you choose — wireless, wired or a combination of both — determines which type of base station you need. A wireless access point – enables everyone in the home or small office to effortlessly connect to the network without running wires. …
Wired or Wireless or both The three different types of networks meet different needs you may have. Wireless: Easy and convenient With wireless, there’s no need to drill holes or run wires to join the network. Just install the software on your desktop or laptop, add a wireless accessory, and you’re ready to go. Wireless …
Networking Models Networking Models In a network, we work over numbers of machines, adapters etc., that are manufactured by different- different vendors. That’s why we need some standards. Standards organization such as the International Standards Organization (ISO) the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc (IEEE) have developed models that have become globally recognized and accepted as standards for designing …
The Internet INTERNET Networks have become a fundamental part of today’s information systems. They form the backbone for information sharing in enterprises, governmental and scientific groups. That information can be in several forms. It can be notes and documents, data to be processed by another computer, files sent to colleagues, and even more exotic forms …
Overview of Networking A computer network consists of two or more computers that are connected, usually by physical media, and are running software which enables them to communicate. A LAN is a Network of computers in close proximity, while a WAN is a computer Network spread out over a wide area, minimum hardware and software …
Classification by Network layer Computer networks may be classified according to the network layer at which they operate according to some basic reference models that are considered to be standards in the industry such as the seven layer OSI reference model and the five layer TCP/IP model. The Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model (OSI Reference …
Classification by Scale Computer networks may be classified according to the scale or extent of reach of the network, for example as a Personal area network (PAN), Local area network (LAN), Campus area network (CAN), Metropolitan area network (MAN), or Wide area network (WAN). Personal area network A personal area network (PAN) is a computer …
Classification by connection method Computer networks may be classified according to the technology that is used to connect the individual devices in the network such as HomePNA, Power line communication, Ethernet, or Wireless LAN. HomePNA The Home Phoneline Networking Alliance seeks to establish standards for home networking over regular phone lines within the home – …
Classification by Functional Relationship Computer networks may be classified according to the functional relationships which exist between the elements of the network, for example Active Networking, Client-server and Peer-to-peer (workgroup) architectures. Also, computer networks are used to send data from one to another by the hardrive Active Networking Active networking is a communication paradigm that …
Classification by Network Topology Computer networks may be classified according to the network topology upon which the network is based, such as Bus network, Star network, Ring network, Mesh network, Star-bus network, Tree or Hierarchical topology network, etc. Bus network Image showing bus network layout A bus network is a network architecture in which a set of …
Classification by Services Provided Computer networks may be classified according to the services which they provide, such as Storage area networks, Server farms, Process control networks, Value-added network, SOHO network, Wireless community network, XML appliance, Jungle Networks, khadar network, etc. Storage area network In computing, a storage area network (SAN) is a network (referred to as a …
Transmission Media Transmission media are actually located below the physical layer and directly controlled by the physical layer. We can say that transmission media belong to layer zero. The figure shows the position of transmission media in relation to the physical layer. Computers and other telecommunication devices use signals to represent data. These signals are …
Transmission Techniques Baseband transmission – To transmit encoded signals over cable, we mainly use two techniques such as Baseband transmission and broadband transmission. Baseband systems use digital signaling over a single frequency. Signals flow in the form of discrete pulses of electricity or light. As the signal propagates along the cable, it gradually decreases in strength and …
Topologies Topology is a way for arranging a number of systems such that they provide a better communication and response among each other. Bus Topology – A bus topology connects each computer to a signal cable segment. At each end of the cable there is a terminator. On a bus network, if the connection to …
Physical Characteristics of a Network There are three primary cabling media that can be used with a LAN at the physical layer; Twisted pair cable, Coaxial cable and Fiber-optic cable. Twisted pair cable consists of two insulated strands of copper wire twisted together. Coaxial cable is a conducting center wire surrounded by an insulating layer, …
Media Access Control Media Access Control tends to the job of controlling access to the cable. When a data frame is ready to be transmitted to other station, it is sent one bit at a time. A signal representing the first bit, for example, a 1 bit, is imposed on the cable the transmission of the …
Common LAN Architectures Common LAN Architectures, by the term we want to state the overall design of a LAN, included in the LAN architecture is the media access method and the physical components. The three most common LAN architectures are Ethernet, Token ring and Arcnet. Ethernet Ethernet, the basis for the institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers Inc(IEEE) standard 802.3, coas developed …
Network Architectures LAN Architectures refers to the overall design of a LAN. Two major components of LAN Architecture are the media access control and LAN topology. Media access methods dictate how a station gains access to the physical medium. The two primary methods for LAN’s are CSMA/CD and Token passing. CSMA/CD is found on Ethernet LAN while Token Passing LANs rely on token passing. Three common types of LAN architecture are Ethernet, Token passing and ArcNet. …