Networking Tutorial

About Networking The term “networking” applies to either, (1) The exchange of information among individuals, groups, or institutions, or (2) The process of electronic voice or data communications This chapter introduces the basic idea of …

The network is a connection between at least two computers usually by cable, running software which allows them to communicate with one another. Users over a network can share computer resources such as hard drives, …

Components of Network All networks need a base station. And the type of network you choose — wireless, wired or a combination of both — determines which type of base station you need. A wireless …

 Wired or Wireless or both The three different types of networks meet different needs you may have. Wireless: Easy and convenient With wireless, there’s no need to drill holes or run wires to join the …

Networking Models Networking Models  In a network, we work over numbers of machines, adapters etc., that are manufactured by different- different vendors. That’s why we need some standards. Standards organization such as the International Standards Organization (ISO) the Institute …

The Internet INTERNET Networks have become a fundamental part of today’s information systems. They form the backbone for information sharing in enterprises, governmental and scientific groups. That information can be in several forms. It can …

Overview of Networking A computer network consists of two or more computers that are connected, usually by physical media, and are running software which enables them to communicate. A LAN is a Network of computers …

Classification by Network layer Computer networks may be classified according to the network layer at which they operate according to some basic reference models that are considered to be standards in the industry such as …

Classification by Scale Computer networks may be classified according to the scale or extent of reach of the network, for example as a Personal area network (PAN), Local area network (LAN), Campus area network (CAN), …

Classification by connection method Computer networks may be classified according to the technology that is used to connect the individual devices in the network such as HomePNA, Power line communication, Ethernet, or Wireless LAN. HomePNA …

Classification by Functional Relationship Computer networks may be classified according to the functional relationships which exist between the elements of the network, for example Active Networking, Client-server and Peer-to-peer (workgroup) architectures. Also, computer networks are …

Classification by Network Topology Computer networks may be classified according to the network topology upon which the network is based, such as Bus network, Star network, Ring network, Mesh network, Star-bus network, Tree or Hierarchical …

Classification by Services Provided Computer networks may be classified according to the services which they provide, such as Storage area networks, Server farms, Process control networks, Value-added network, SOHO network, Wireless community network, XML appliance, …

Transmission Media Transmission media are actually located below the physical layer and directly controlled by the physical layer. We can say that transmission media belong to layer zero. The figure shows the position of transmission …

Transmission Techniques   Baseband transmission – To transmit encoded signals over cable, we mainly use two techniques such as Baseband transmission and broadband transmission. Baseband systems use digital signaling over a single frequency. Signals flow in the form …