Statements are the instructions given to the computer to perform any kind of action, be it data movements, be it making decisions, or be in repeating action. |
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Various statements provided in C++ : |
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Selection statement |
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The selection statement allow you to choose the set of instructions for execution depending upon an expression value. |
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a) if-else statement: |
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It shows that the condition is checked in if statement if it returns the value true then it execute the statements inside the braces. |
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If it returns false value the automatically the statements in else condition are executed. |
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Syntax |
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if( expression ) |
{ |
statements; |
} |
else |
{ |
statements; |
} |
program. |
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b) Switch statements: |
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C++ provides a multiple branch selection statements known as switch. This selection statement test the value of an expression against the value of the expression. |
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Syntax |
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switch(expression) |
{ |
case 1: |
case 2: |
……… |
} |
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Iteration statement |
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The iteration statements allows a set of instructions to be performed repeatedly until a certain condition to be fulfilled. |
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The iteration statements are also called looping statements. Some of the Iteration statement described here |
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a) The for loop: |
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The for loop is easiest to understand of the C++ loops. All its loop controls are gathered at one place. |
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Syntax |
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for( initialization, increment/decrement, termination condition) |
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{ |
…………. |
………. |
} |
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b) The While loop: |
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The second Loop available in C++ is the while loop. The while loop is entry controlled loop. |
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Syntax |
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while(expression) |
{ |
loop body |
} |
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Jump statement |
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The jump statement unconditionally transfer the program control within a function. C++ has four statements that perform an unconditional branch. |
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a) The goto statement: |
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The goto statement can transfer a program control any where in the program. The target destination of goto statement is marked by a label. |
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Syntax |
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goto label; |
: |
: |
label: |
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b) The Break statement: |
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The break statement enables a program to skip over part of the code. A break statement terminates the smallest enclosing while, do-while, for or switch statement. |
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Syntax |
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for(;;) |
{ |
…. |
continue; |
…… |
} |
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d) Exit statement: |
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Like break one can get out of the loop you can get out of the program by using a library function exit(). |
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This function causes the program to terminate as soon as it encountered. |