What is Memory interfacing and I/O Interfacing?

Interface acts as a communication between user and a computer. It is an integrated circuit which helps in performing basic functions of the CPU. Interfacing is classified into two types, memory interfacing and I/O interfacing.

Memory Interfacing

If any instruction is executed then we require microprocessor to access the memory in order to read the instruction codes and the stored data in the memory. So, to read from the memory and write in registers this memory and microprocessor need some signals.
There are some key factors that are required in interfacing process to match with the memory requirements and microprocessor signals. So, the interfacing circuit must be designed in such a way that it should match with the memory signal requirements and the signals of the microprocessor.

IO Interfacing

IO interfacing is the communication between various devices like keyboard, mouse, printer, etc. It is a set of registers where CPU communicates and controls the I/O device with the help of reading and writing registers. These registers are connected to the CPU using buses. So, in order to interface between keyboard and other devices with the microprocessor latches and buffers are used. This type of interfacing is known as I/O interfacing.

Block Diagram of Memory and I/O Interfacing

interfacing

8085 Interfacing Pins

Following is the list of 8085 pins used for interfacing with other devices −

  • A15 – A8 (Higher Address Bus)
  • AD7 – AD0(Lower Address/Data Bus)
  • ALE
  • RD
  • WR
  • READY

Ways of Communication − Microprocessor with the Outside World?

There are two ways of communication in which the microprocessor can connect with the outside world.
  • Serial Communication Interface
  • Parallel Communication interface

Serial Communication Interface:

In this type of communication, the interface gets a single byte of data from the microprocessor and sends it bitwiseto the other system serially and vice-a-versa.

Parallel Communication Interface:

In this type of communication, the interface gets a byte of data from the microprocessor and sends it bit by bit to the other systems in simultaneous (or) parallel fashion and vice-a-versa.

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