Applying Style

Style_Sheets, XSL / By
Applying Style
One model for applying style is to allow the process to run recursively, driven primarily by the document. A series of templates is created, such that there is a template to match each context, then these templates are recursively applied starting at the root of the document.
•
<xsl:template>
<xsl:template match=”section/title”>
<h2><xsl:apply-templates/></h2>
</xsl:template>
•
<xsl:apply-templates>
<xsl:apply-templates select=”th|td”/>
There are two obstacles to overcome when using the recursive model, how to arbitrate between multiple patterns that match and how to process the same nodes in different contexts.
<xsl:stylesheet
version=”version_number”
id=”unique_id”
exclude-result-prefixes=”list”
extension-element-prefixes=”list” >
</xsl:stylesheet>
The xsl:stylesheet element contains all other XSLT elements and delimits the start and stop of the code in an .xsl program. No other XSLT element can occur before the opening xsl:stylesheet element, nor may any other XSLT element occur after the closing xsl:stylesheet element.
A direct comparison can be made between the opening and closing <html> … </html> tags of the HTMLlanguage, in that both the html tag and the xsl:stylesheet element serve as delimiting containers for all other members of their respective languages.
An important duty performed by the xsl:stylesheet element is that it must contain the XSLT namespace declaration. The purpose of the namespace declaration is to declare that the document is an XSLTstylesheet. Use the following syntax:
xmlns:xsl=”http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform”

Older, proprietary versions of Microsoft XSLT used the following namespace: 

xmlns:xsl=”http://www.w3.org/TR/WD-xsl”
The xsl:stylesheet element is also commonly referred to as the root element of the stylesheet. Since it is the root, there can be no other element that is a parent to the xsl:stylesheet element. All other XSLTelements are either children, grandchildren, or further descendants. Only the following eight XSLTelements can be children:
• xsl:attribute-set
• xsl:import
• xsl:include
• xsl:output
• xsl:param
• xsl:script
• xsl:template
• xsl:variable
The xsl:transform element performs the exact same purpose as the xsl:stylesheet element. These two elements may be used interchangeably. They are considered synonymous with each other.
This is not a self-closing element. The separate closing element is mandatory
version=”version_number”
The mandatory version attribute is set to the version number. Currently, the version number is “1.0”.
id=”unique_id”
The optional id attribute is a unique identifier for the stylesheet. This allows the stylesheet to be referenced in another XML document.
exclude-result-prefixes=”list”
The optional exclude-result-prefixes attribute is a list, delimited by white-space, of the namespaces prefixes that should not be copied into the output (the result tree).
extension-element-prefixes=”list”
The optional extension-element-prefixes attribute is a list, delimited by white-space, of the namespaces prefixes used for extension elements.
Consider the following example: 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!-- DWXMLSource="sample1.xml" -->
<!DOCTYPE xsl:stylesheet  [

	<!ENTITY nbsp   " ">

	<!ENTITY copy   "©">

	<!ENTITY reg    "®">

	<!ENTITY trade  "™">

	<!ENTITY mdash  "—">

	<!ENTITY ldquo  "“">

	<!ENTITY rdquo  "”"> 

	<!ENTITY pound  "£">

	<!ENTITY yen    "¥">

	<!ENTITY euro   "€">

]>

<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" 
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">

<xsl:output method="html" encoding="iso-8859-1" 
doctype-public="-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
doctype-system="http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"/>

<xsl:template match="/">



<html>

<head>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" 
content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>

<title>Sample XSL</title>

</head>



<body>

<xsl:for-each select="ebiz/employee_details">

<div style="background-color:#009999; border:thin #000099 solid">

	<xsl:value-of select="emp_id"></xsl:value-of><br />

	<xsl:value-of select="lname"></xsl:value-of> 

	<span style="color:#000099"><xsl:value-of select="fname"><
/xsl:value-of></span><br />

	<xsl:value-of select="department"></xsl:value-of><br />

	<xsl:value-of select="designation"></xsl:value-of>



	

</div>

</xsl:for-each>

</body>

</html>



</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>
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